Journey to Pamphylia and John Mark's Departure
(Acts 13:13-14a)

The missionary team embarks on the next leg of their journey: "Now Paul and his companions put out to sea from Paphos and came to Perga in Pamphylia; but John left them and returned to Jerusalem."

• Geographical Progression: From Cyprus (Acts 13:4-12), they sail northwest to Perga, a significant city in the Roman province of Pamphylia on the southern coast of Asia Minor. This marks a new geographical frontier for The Great Commission.

• John Mark's Departure: The brief but impactful note that "John left them and returned to Jerusalem" is crucial. Luke provides no explanation for his departure at this point, but it later becomes a contentious issue between Paul and Barnabas, leading to their separation (Acts 15:38). Scholarly theories for his departure include homesickness, fear of the arduous journey ahead (especially inland Pamphylia, known for bandits), or disagreement with the emerging Gentile focus of the mission. This early setback highlights the human challenges, disappointments, and interpersonal dynamics inherent in The Great Commission, even among a Spirit-led team. It implicitly reminds readers that mission is carried out by imperfect individuals facing real difficulties. From a missiological perspective, it underscores the need for resilience and adaptability in the face of unexpected changes in team composition.

• Future Relationships: While a personal challenge, John Mark's departure (Acts 13:13) also subtly contributes to the narrative's realism, showcasing the human frailty within a divinely led mission. Its future impact on Paul and Barnabas (Acts 15:38) underscores the complexities of team dynamics in The Great Commission and serves as a significant detail for Connecting Acts to the Rest of the NT. This early challenge might have refined Paul's and Barnabas's reliance on The Holy Spirit's Role for guidance.